Many thousands of their artefacts and fossils have been found, including several nearly complete skeletons. ... which preserved the remains of more than 30 Neanderthals who lived some 120,000 years ago. A small population size would have been bad news for Neanderthals, Hawks said, because it would have meant that "natural selection had less power to weed out bad mutations." Many thousands of their artefacts and fossils have been found, including several nearly complete skeletons. Thanks to the work of many scientists, we now have a draft sequence of the full Neanderthal DNA 3. How much? Isotopic chemical analyses of Neanderthal bones also tell scientists the average Neanderthal’s diet consisted of a lot of meat. Remains of more than 300 European Neanderthals have been found. This is in the late Pleistocene Epoch. More Neandertal skeletons have been found than any other ancient human species. East Asians (Japanese, Koreans, Chinese, Mongols) A New Theory on How Neanderthal DNA Spread in Asia From the article: This has also been verified in these studies A high-coverage genome sequence from an archaic Denisovan individual. Some important European Neanderthals. Scientists have also found plaque on the remains of molar teeth containing starch grains—concrete evidence that Neanderthals ate plants. They were found in Spain and are over 500,000 years old . We know more facts about Neanderthals than any other extinct humans. … Most Africans, on the other hand, have no Neanderthal DNA, the scientists found. Neanderthal, (Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis), also spelled Neandertal, member of a group of archaic humans who emerged at least 200,000 years ago during the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago) and were replaced or assimilated by early modern human populations (Homo sapiens) between 35,000 and perhaps 24,000 years ago. Range: Skeletal material and lithic artifacts thought to represent the evidence of Neanderthals have been found throughout Europe and western Asia.The Neanderthals were the first human species to live outside of the temperate zone of the world, at sites … I have less back hair than most people, it seems, and I can thank my Neanderthal ancestors for that.. In many ways, the last surviving Neanderthals are a mystery. No, Neanderthals and Denisovans appear to have evolved in eurasia out of an earlier migration of homo erectus or Homo Heidelburgensis. While much of the genetic diversity discussed above came from inactive, noncoding, or otherwise evolutionarily neutral segments of the genome, there are many sites that show clear evidence of selective pressure on the variations between modern humans and Neanderthals.Researchers found 78 loci at which Neanderthals had an ancestral state and modern …