Fig. The pest is reported to cause about 50 to 60 per cent damage to the The branches of C. scarabaeoides can be straight or winding and up to 135 cm in length. Pod borer is a notorious pest of chickpea causing heavy damage to the crop. Cajanus scarabaeoides is a very close wild relative species of Cajanus cajan (common name, pigeonpea). Worldwide in the tropics. Common Name. The dry grain is also an important local pulse and export commodity in several … Identification of the pest. Table 2. Among the various insect pests, gram pod borer is the key pest of chickpea and pigeonpea, while pod fly is the second major pest of pigeonpea. Pigeonpea is a short-day species which flowers early with short days. It is a dicot angiosperm of the family Fabaceae. C. scarabaeoidis may be an annual or a perennial, making it a flexible crop for subsistence farmers. Since a pigeon pea crop may be attacked by both these pod-borers and by the tobacco budworm, a regime of insecticide sprays as recommended, will control all these pests. For the management of this serious pest, application of insecticides has several adverse effects on living organisms and the environment as a whole, the use of biological agents for chickpea improvement appears to be appropriate approach. Pigeonpea is one of the most important grain legume crops of tropical and subtropical environments. Pigeon pea is sensitive to high salinity. Bean pod borer. range of pathogens and the mainly severe pest being gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera. Check with local suppliers for availability. Bean pod borer (037) Common Name Bean pod borer Scientific Name Maruca vitrata; it used to be known as Maruca testulalis. Many people consider the pod borer to be the most important pest of cocoa in many parts of Southeast Asia. The transgenics depicted molecular evidence for the stability of T‐DNA integration, consistency in the expression of Cry proteins and resistance against H. armigera. In severe cases, over half the potential crop is lost. There are four stages in the life cycle: egg, pupae, larva and the adult moth. With limited control, losses are between 20-50% for smallholders. CHEMICAL CONTROL. It can cause losses of 20–80% on the harvests of cowpeas. It is important to re- Pigeon pea thrives best in seedbeds prepared by deep ploughing and cultivations to reduce weeds. Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera) This is widely distributed and is the most injurious pest of early and medium maturing varieties. In Kenya, pigeon pea is the third most widely grown pulse crop, and it is one of the fastest growing cash crops with an annual growth rate of 3% in the last decade. Pigeon pea varieties differ not only in form of seeds, colour and taste, but also in growth habit, time of flowering and susceptibility towards pests and diseases. Pesticides are not … Eggs – are spherical in shape and creamy white in colour, laid singly; Larva - shows colour variation from greenish to brown.Green with dark brown grey lines laterally on the body with lateral white lines and also has dark and pale bands. Host plants include beans, cowpeas and other legumes like lablab and kudzu. Day length of 11–11.5 hours (Gooding 1962) and a temperature range of 22–30°C (Whiteman et al.1985) are suitable for crop growth. We present the first ever successful evaluation of pigeonpea transgenics with the ability to mitigate pod borer under nethouse conditions. Pigeon pea is an important legume infested by a plethora of insect pests amongst which gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera is very prominent. Pigeonpea is one of the most important grain legume crops of tropical and subtropical environments. Asia, Africa, North, South and Central America, the Caribbean, Europe, Oceania. Less suited to the humid tropics with poor tolerance of wet soils or flooding. Green pigeon pea is being exported from Kenya to Europe (Snapp et al, 2003). Of Borer in CONTROL METHODS: These two pod borers can be controlled by insecticide sprays. Seek advice from AVRDC (The World Vegetable Center) for differences between varieties of food legumes. Seed rate: 20-25 kg per ha (8-10 kg per acre) Land preparation. The larvae, after hatching, feed on tender leaves and twigs but at pod formation they puncture pods and feed on developing grains. Table I gives recommended rates and frequencies. include legume pod borer, bean pod borer, lima bean pod borer, mung moth or maruca. Yield loss due to pod borer is estimated at 21 per cent. Its common names include the maruca pod borer, bean pod borer, soybean pod borer, mung moth, and the legume pod borer. As a crop, pigeon pea is very drought tolerant, able to grow with a dry season exceeding 6 months, and rainfall <300 mm, but does best with 600–1,000 mm AAR , and where elevated, in excess of 2,000 mm. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1787. Distribution Worldwide in the tropics. As an example of its impact, between 2008 and 2012, production in the East New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea, fell by 80% (from 25,000 tonnes to 4000 tonnes), with … Tolerant types of cowpea, pigeon pea and mung bean are reported.